Is a new gene the key to reverse cell aging?

An investigation conducted by the University of Wisconsin-Madison and published in the journal, Stem Cells, led to discovering a cellular reprogramming that can rejuvenate Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC), which usually have an age-related decline in their functions. Previous research has been conducted related to MSC rejuvenation; however, this new study has added further information. Wan-Ju Li, leading investigator and part of the Department of Biomedical Engineering of the University of Wisconsin, said, “While agreeing with previous findings in MSC rejuvenation by cellular reprogramming, our study goes further to provide insight into how reprogrammed MSCs are regulated molecularly to ameliorate the cellular hallmarks of aging.” He also added, “Most significantly; we were able to identify the [specific] signaling pathway as an underlying mechanism that controls cell aging-related activities.” In this new study, MSCs were studied from human synovial fluid found on joints like elbows. They were reprogrammed into pluripotent stem cells and then reprogrammed them back to MSCs, finding rejuvenated cells with fewer activities related to aging. The changes between the originals MSCs and the rejuvenated MSC were analyzed, and the molecules related to age-changes were identified. Researchers stated, “We found that aging-related activities were greatly reduced in reprogrammed MSCs compared with those in their parental line, indicating reversal of cell aging.” The reprogramming of the MSCs showed a clear reversal of aging, “We believe our findings will help improve the understanding of MSC aging and its significance in regenerative medicine,” said Wan-Ju Li. After the investigation, the goal is to treat age-related conditions like Parkinson’s, cardiovascular conditions, cartilage, and bone regeneration and develop possible therapies to treat them. However, more investigations must be done to reach this point.